|
HUMANS & CATS |
HUMANS |
DOGS |
CATS |
|
|
|
|
Actinomyces
sp.
filamentous strict
anaerobe
|
-healthy [Lo Bue et al 1999]
-heavy plaque (1o
organism in heavy plaque)
-root caries;
Actinomyces naeslundii
genospecies 1 and 2
consistently associated with root caries in humans [Bowden et al 1999] |
NS: 0-0.5% [Harvey and Emily p95] |
14-17% [Harvey and Emily p95] |
Eikenella corrodens
= facultative anaerobic
gram-ve bacillus
-pathogen eg
suppurative lesions of head of neck |
-healthy [Heymann and Drezner 1997; Lo Bue et al 1999]
-dental plaque [Heymann
and Drezner 1997; Lo Bue et al 1999]
-adult refractory
periodontitis [Lo Bue et al 1999]
-pathogen in
nonimmunocompromised and immunocompromised hosts eg suppurative lesions of head
and neck eg submandibular abscess [Heymann and Drezner 1997]
|
NS: 0-2.2% [Harvey and Emily pp95-96] |
0-17% [Harvey and Emily pp95-96] |
HUMANS, DOGS |
|
|
|
Prevotella
sp.
|
-healthy [Lo Bue et al 1999]
Prevotella
intermedia
-healthy [Lo Bue et al
1999]
-adult refractory
periodontitis [Lo Bue et al 1999] |
Prevotella
spp.among principal pathogens subgingival flora of dogs
-Prevotella
heparinolytica
common isolate @dog bites to humans [Talan 1999] |
-Prevotella heparinolytica common isolate @ cat bites to humans
[Talan 1999]
|
Staphylococcus aureus
= aerobe
à angular cheilitis, parotitis,staphylococcal mucositis esp @ elderly, oral
Chron’s disease
-methicillin-resistant
Staphylococcus aureus @ oropharynx humans |
?? normal human oral flora ?? [Smith et al 2001]
|
Staphylococcus aureus, S. epidermidis, S. intermedius
bacterial flora of oral and nasal fluids of canines [Allaker et al 1992; Bailie
et al 1978]
*human pathogen; consider
as probable bite wound contaminant [Bailie et al 1978]
-common isolate @ dog
bites [Talan et al 1999] |
|
HUMANS, DOGS, CATS |
|
|
|
Bacteroides
spp.
|
-stomatitis types II and II in denture wearers
Porphyromonas
gingivalis main pathogenic micro-organims @ inflammatory sites in
healthy human subjects and adult refractory periodontitis human patients along
with Bacteroides forsythus [Lo Bue et al 1999]
|
-Bacteroides
spp., Porphyromonas sp. are amongst principal
pathogens in subgingival flora of dogs
-Porphyromonas
spp.
commonly isolated from dog bites to humans [Talan et al 1999]
-Bacteroides tectum
common isolate of dog bites to humans [Talan et al 1999]
|
black-pigmented bacteroides (Porphyromonas) found in all healthy
and diseased cat samples [Harvey and Emily p94]
-Porphyromonas
spp.
commonly isolated from cat bites to humans [Talan et al 1999]
-Bacteroides tectum
common isolate of cat bites to humans [Talan et al 1999] |
Fusobacterium
spp.
= filamentous anaerobe
|
F. nucleatum
-healthy [Lo Bue et al
1999]
-major bacteria in dental
plaque with associated
Streptococcus spp., spirochetes, diphtheroids,
gram –ve cocci, others...
-F nucleatum
found @ adult refractory periodontitis [Lo Bue et al 1999] |
Fusobacterium spp among principal pathogens dogs’ subgingival flora
F. nucleatum
not significant (<3%) [Harvey and Emily pp95-96]
-common human pathogen @
dog bites [Talan et al 1999] |
F. nucleatum 29-33% [Harvey and Emily pp95-96] |
Peptostreptococcus
sp. |
-healthy [Lo Bue et al 1999] |
-minor in dogs (0-7.3%) [Harvey and Emily pp94-96] |
common (0-71%) in feline oral disease [Harvey and Emily pp94-96] |
Capnocytophaga canimorsus
= fastidious,
slow-growing, gram-ve rod --cat licking an ulcer ->
Capnocytophaga canimorsus
septicemia
in human patient; alcohol
abuse important risk factor for devo of septicemia from C
canimorsus
[Valtonen et al 1995] |
|
-normal oral flora of dogs and cats [Valtonen et al 1995]
-NS: 0-1.4%
[Harvey and Emily pp95-96] |
0-17% [Harvey and Emily pp95-96] |
Pasteurella
spp.
= aerobes
-cat isolates more likely
to be human pathogens eg Pasteurella multocida,
Pasteurella septica
vs other Pasteurella spp; organisms
|
|
0.5-8.3% [Harvey and Emily p96]
-Iij, EF-4
Pasteurella multocida normal flora of oral [Bailie et al 1978; Layton
1999] and nasal fluids of canines [Bailie et al 1978] *human pathogen; consider
as probable bite wound contaminant [Bailie et al];
-Pasteurella canis
most common isolate of dog bites (to humans) in one study [Talan et al 1999] |
43-100% [Harvey and Emily p96]
-less significant as cause
of oral disease in cats, than a cause of abscessation, cellulitis in
humans, other animals bitten by them [Harvey and Emily p96]
-Pasteurella
multocida subspecies
multocida and P. septica most common isolate from
cat bites (to humans) in one study [Talan et al 1999] |
Reimerella anatipestifer |
|
|
-isolated from two cat bites [Talan et al 1999] |
DOGS |
|
|
|
Bacillus
sp.
= aerobe |
|
-healthy oral and nasal fluids [Bailie et al 1978] |
|
Corynebacterium
sp.
= aerobe |
|
-healthy oral and nasal fluids [Bailie et al 1978] |
|
Enterobacteria
= aerobe |
|
-healthy oral and nasal fluids [Bailie et al 1978] |
|
Moraxella
sp.
= aerobe |
|
-healthy oral and nasal fluids [Bailie et al 1978]
-common isolate @ dog
bites to humans [Talan et al 1999] |
|
Neiserria
sp.
=
aerobe |
|
-healthy oral and nasal fluids [Bailie et al 1978]
-common human pathogen @
dog bites [Talan et al 1999] |
|
Streptoccoccus
spp:
= aerobe
|
-dental plaque (S. sanguis, S. sobrinus, S.
mitis are initial bacteria involved in formation of plaque)
-dental caries:
Streptococcus sobrinus @ smooth tooth surfaces
Streptococcus mutans
@ crevices and small fissures [Saini et al 1999] |
-
group D streptococci @
healthy oral and nasal
fluids [Bailie et al 1978]
-common isolates @ dog
bites to humans [Talan et al 1999] |
|
CATS only |
|
|
|
Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae |
|
|
-isolated from 2 cat bites [Talan et al 1999] |